Interplay between Near-Field Radiative Coupling and Space-Charge Effects in a Microgap Thermionic Energy Converter under Fixed Heat Input
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the performance of a microgap vacuum thermionic energy converter by considering loss mechanisms due to the space-charge effect and interelectrode radiative heat transfer. The dependencies of the space-charge effect and near-field radiative heat exchange on the interelectrode distance are derived based on established theories. The electrode temperatures are determined by solving the steady-state energy-balance equations in a numerical iterative process and considering a constant energy flux input to the emitter. The resultant behavior of different mechanisms of energy flow from the electrodes is studied for a wide range of interelectrode distances, which provides insights into the device operation. The maximum efficiency of the converter is obtained by optimizing the operating voltage and interelectrode distance. Considering the interplay between the space-charge effect and near-field radiative heat transfer, an optimal range is determined for the interelectrode distance. The optimal value of the distance and lower limit of this range are significantly higher than those previously reported, where constant electrode temperatures are assumed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".