Large-scale motion of submerged offset jets issuing from sharp-edged rectangular nozzles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mean flow, turbulence characteristics, and dynamics of large-scale vortices are investigated for an offset jet issuing from different nozzle expansion ratios using a four-receiver acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The jet was discharged from sharp-edged rectangular nozzles with expansion ratios of 0.24, 0.49, 0.75, and 1.00 at Reynolds number of 5.3 × 10 4 . The decay rate of the maximum mean velocity decreased with increasing expansion ratio due to suppressed lateral entrainment of ambient fluid. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter proved capable of providing high-quality data to investigate the energy spectrum and turbulent structures embedded in the flow. Large-scale vortices dominated the recirculation region compared to the reattachment and developing regions of the jet. Increasing the expansion ratio resulted in larger order of magnitude of the vortices within the recirculation region. The turbulent structures stretched in the lateral direction in regions where smaller-sized structures existed in the streamwise direction and vice versa.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".