The Effect of Misalignment between the Rotation Axis and Magnetic Field on the Circumstellar Disk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The formation of circumstellar disks is investigated using three-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations in which the initial prestellar cloud has a misaligned rotation axis with respect to the magnetic field. We examine the effects of (i) the initial angle difference between the global magnetic field and the cloud rotation axis ( θ 0 ) and (ii) the ratio of the thermal to gravitational energy ( α 0 ). We study 16 models in total and calculate the cloud evolution until ∼5000 yr after protostar formation. Our simulation results indicate that an initial nonzero θ 0 (>0) promotes disk formation but tends to suppress outflow driving for models that are moderately gravitationally unstable, α 0 ≲ 1. In these models, a large-sized rotationally supported disk forms and a weak outflow appears, in contrast to a smaller disk and strong outflow in the aligned case ( θ 0 = 0). Furthermore, we find that when the initial cloud is highly unstable with small α 0 , the initial angle difference θ 0 does not significantly affect the disk formation and outflow driving.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".