Ce- and B-Doped Silica Fibers for Monitoring Low-Energy Proton Beams on a Medical Cyclotron
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many medical isotopes can be produced on a small cyclotron. The alignment and profiles of low-energy proton beams from cyclotrons used for medical radioisotope production, such as the TR13 cyclotron at TRIUMF, Canada, cannot be directly quantified during dose delivery with simultaneous constant feedback and sharp spatial resolutions. Doped silica fibers are a potential solution that has been tested at TRIUMF. To measure the effects of irradiation inside an isotope production target, we attached fibers to the outside of an 18O gas target and measured the light output during irradiation. Different dopants, fiber diameters, and target materials were investigated. It was found that 200 µm diameter Ce- and B-doped fibers produce signals linearly proportional to the beam current. This only deviated when the target was moved such that the beam was steered into the target wall, increasing the production of prompt radiation and causing the beam current to decrease but the fiber signal to increase. With the technique described here, the beam can be monitored on the target, including its steering and its overall alignment with the target.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".