Mathematical Modelling of Electric Field Generated by Vertical Grounding Electrode in Horizontally Stratified Soil Using the FDTD Method
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this work is to evaluate the electric fields generated by vertical grounding electrode in horizontally stratified soil during the passage of the lightning current through the grounding rod. The computation of the electric fields is performed using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method in three dimensions (FDTD-3D). The observation points are located under and above ground. The effect of multi-layers soil on the transient behavior of the vertical grounding electrode and the associated electric field is illustrated and discussed. The obtained results were firstly compared and validated with other ones published in the literature for the case of homogeneous ground. The used method calculates easily the transients of grounding rod; it gives certain flexibility when taking into account the stratification of the soil and gives a better visualization of the electromagnetic field radiation. The found results can be easily used for the electromagnetic coupling problems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it