Estrus Induction by Hormonal and Nutritional Approaches in Canines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of hormonal and nutritional approaches to induce fertile estrus in canine. Twenty female dogs of different breeds presented to university clinics, GADVASU, Ludhiana were subjected to hormonal (Group 1, n=10) and nutritional (Group 2; n=10) treatments. The breeds of these dogs were Labrador, Dalmatian and German Shephard weighing between 25-30 kg with the history of not showing estrus despite attaining age of puberty (≥ 1.5 years of age). Prior to start of any treatment, all the animals were subjected to deworming and transabdominal ultrasonography of reproductive organ to assess uterine development. Hormonal treatment included eCG @ 5 IU/kg (Inj Folligon; MSD Intervet) daily for 10 days followed by hCG 500 IU (Inj Chorulon, MSD Intervet) intramuscularly on day 11. Nutritional treatment involved oral administration of tab Nutrich (Virbac, India) @ one tab daily for 15 days and tab Evion LC (Merk India) @ 1 tab daily for 15 days one month before start of breeding season. Following hormonal treatment majority of Group 1 female dogs (7/10) exhibited proestrus bleeding at 5-6 days of eCG treatment which was confirmed by exfoliative vaginal cytology indicating abundant parabasal cells, few large and small intermediate cells and RBCs. On day 11, these animals were again subjected to vaginal cytology to confirm presence of abundant superficial cells (>80%). These dogs were advised for mating twice at 24 and 48 hrs after hCG administration. Two female dogs from group 1 encountered with the problem of ovarian cysts whereas one had developed cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Group 2 animals exhibited proestrus bleeding (5/10) during subsequent breeding season and were subjected to vaginal cytology twice (i.e. first at 4 days after start of bleeding and second next day after the end of bleeding). These animals were advised for mating when >80% superficial cells were observed in vaginal cytology. Following treatment, five and four animals conceived respectively in groups 1and 2. The results indicated that hormonal and nutritional approaches are equally good in inducing fertile estrus in canine.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".