A Stable Lithium-ion Selenium Batteries Enabled by Microporous Carbon/Se and Fluoroethylene Carbonate Additive
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are among the most promising rechargeable batteries, due to their exceptional power and energy characteristics. However, they cannot meet the increasing demand from end-users for higher energy density. Herein, we reported a lithium-ion selenium battery by using lithiated graphite/silicon anode and microporous carbon/Se (MPC/Se) cathode with a fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)-containing carbonate electrolyte. FEC additive enabled a stable MPC/Se cathode due to the suppressed dissolution of polyselenides into the electrolyte and improved the mechanical stability-integrity of graphite/silicon anode, leading to the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on both the cathode and anode surfaces. As a result, lithium-ion selenium battery delivered a high specific capacity and excellent stability. The results showed a specific capacity of 356 mAh g -1 (normalized to Se) and Coulombic efficiency of 99.9% after 125 cycles for the full cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".