Le rôle de la certification dans le développement de collaborations entre acteurs aux logiques partiellement distinctes : le cas du commerce équitable
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Comment la certification éthique affecte-t-elle les collaborations entre des partenaires aux logiques institutionnelles partiellement distinctes, par exemple des entreprises de commerce équitable et des entreprises de la grande distribution ? En comparant des collaborations avec et sans recours à la certification du commerce équitable en Belgique, nous observons que cette certification permet de multiplier et de standardiser ces collaborations. Néanmoins, elle maintient également les rapports de pouvoir dans leur dimension économique et limite le potentiel d’enrichissement mutuel. En l’absence de certification, les négociations sont spécifiques à chaque collaboration, ce qui entrave leur réplication mais permet un plus grand enrichissement mutuel des partenaires.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.020 | 0.039 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".