Active Role of Water in the Hydration of Macromolecules with Ionic End Group for Hydrophobic Effect-Caused Assembly
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The role of water in the hydration and aqueous assembly of hydrophobic P+X– (P+: macromolecular phosphonium cation, X–: anion) was investigated via complementary Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and low-field NMR analyses. The hydration of the macromolecular backbone was dependent on X–. When X– is I–, the ionic end group ordered water molecules that exerted a detectable long-range effect of dehydrating the backbone. The consequent hydrophobic interaction drove the aqueous assembly of P+I– into micelle-like aggregates, with the ionic group exposed to water. In contrast, the ion pair with a hydrophobic anion of [BPh4]− was not able to hold water and did not deplete the hydration water. The hydrated backbone endowed the assembly of P+[BPh4]− into vesicles that were driven by hydration interactions. This elucidation at the molecular level is craved to progress the aqueous supramolecular chemistry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".