Effects Of Pre-induced Fatigue Vs. Concurrent Pain On Neuromuscular Performance Of Locomotor Muscles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fatigue and muscle pain perceived during high-intensity exercise has long been implicated in attenuation of exercise tolerance, but the influence of these perceptual responses on regulation of neuromuscular performance during exercise is unknown. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of pre-induced fatigue and concurrent rising pain (evoked by muscle ischemia) in one leg on motor fatigability and corticospinal excitability and inhibition of the contralateral leg. METHODS: Twelve healthy males(mean±SD; age: 27±4 yrs) undertook four experimental protocols including unilateral cycling to task failure at 80% of peak power output with i) the right-leg (RL), ii) the left-leg (LL), iii) RL immediately preceded by LL protocol (FAT-RL), and (iv) RL while blood flow was occluded in the contralateral (left) leg (PAIN-RL). The single-leg cycling exercise and neuromuscularassessments were carried out on a validated custom-built recumbent cycle ergometer that facilitates post-fatigue assessments within 1 second. Participants performed maximal and submaximal 5-s right-leg knee extensions, during which transcranial magnetic and femoral nerve electrical stimuli were delivered to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEP) and compound muscle action potentials (Mmax), respectively. RESULTS: Pre-induced fatigue reduced the right leg cycling time-to-task failure (332±137 s) to a greater extent than concurrent pain (460±158 s), compared to RL (580±226 s) (p<0.001).The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force declined less following FAT-RL (p<0.019) and PAIN-RL (p<0.032), compared to the RL. Voluntary activation declined, and the corticospinal excitability recorded from knee extensors increased similarly following the three conditions(p<0.05). However, the pre-induced fatigue, but not concurrent rising pain, reduced corticospinal inhibition compared to RL (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that regardless of the origin or mechanisms modulating sensory group III/IV afferents (i.e. pre-induced fatigue vs. concurrent rising pain), the limit of exercise tolerance remains the same and exercise will be terminated upon achievement of sensory tolerance limit. The inhibitory neural feedback evoked by the two interventions however may have distinctive effects on corticospinal inhibition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".