THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL EFFICIENCY ON BANK RISKS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE SAUDI BANKING INDUSTRY
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The main purpose of conducting this research is to investigate the impact of intellectual capital efficiency (ICE) and its components – human capital efficiency (HCE) and structural capital efficiency (SCE) - on bank credit and insolvency risks in the Saudi banking industry. To assess such a relationship, value added intellectual coefficient model (VAIC) along with a couple of panel data techniques were utilized by using quarterly observations spanning from the first quarter of 2009 to the fourth quarter of 2018. The carried out empirical results confirm the existence of a significant negative relationship between ICE, in particular HCE, and bank credit and insolvency risks. Keywords: Intellectual Capital Efficiency, Human Capital, Structural Capital, Credit Risk, insolvency risk, risk managementJEL Classifications: O34, E24, J21, G32, C23, G21DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.9959
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it