Metabolomics of Rat Brain After Treatment with Phenelzine: High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Demonstration of Increased Brain Levels of N-Acetyl Amino Acids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Phenelzine (PLZ) is a non-specific monoamine oxidase inhibitor that has demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with treatment resistant depression. The mechanism of action with regard to this efficacy is complicated in that its metabolite, β-phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH), is an inhibitor of amino acid transaminases resulting in dramatic brain elevations of GABA, alanine, ornithine and tyrosine. The full neurochemical profile of PLZ and PEH remain to be explored. Objective: To undertake a non-targeted metabolomics study of phenelzine on rat brain neurochemistry. Methods: We undertook a high-resolution mass spectrometric metabolomics analysis of rat cortical brain 1 and 12 hours after intraperitoneal dosing with PLZ or PEH. Tandem mass spectrometry was utilized to obtain relative quantitation data. Results: N-acetyl amino acids were found to be elevated in cortical brain tissue following either PLZ or PEH treatments. Conclusions: Our data indicate PLZ treatment significantly augments brain levels of N-acetyl amino acids and that this may involve inhibition of deacylases by PEH and/or induction of N-amino acid acetyltransferases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".