Effects of Water and Different Solutes on Carbon‐Nanotube Low‐Voltage Field‐Effect Transistors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (swCNTs) are a promising class of materials for emerging applications. In particular, they are demonstrated to possess excellent biosensing capabilities, and are poised to address existing challenges in sensor reliability, sensitivity, and selectivity. This work focuses on swCNT field‐effect transistors (FETs) employing rubbery double‐layer capacitive dielectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐ co ‐hexafluoropropylene). These devices exhibit small device‐to‐device variation as well as high current output at low voltages (<0.5 V), making them compatible with most physiological liquids. Using this platform, the swCNT devices are directly exposed to aqueous solutions containing different solutes to characterize their effects on FET current–voltage (FET I – V ) characteristics. Clear deviation from ideal characteristics is observed when swCNTs are directly contacted by water. Such changes are attributed to strong interactions between water molecules and sp 2 ‐hybridized carbon structures. Selective response to Hg 2+ is discussed along with reversible pH effect using two distinct device geometries. Additionally, the influence of aqueous ammonium/ammonia in direct contact with the swCNTs is investigated. Understanding the FET I – V characteristics of low‐voltage swCNT FETs may provide insights for future development of stable, reliable, and selective biosensor systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".