Expanded encyclopaedias of DNA elements in the human and mouse genomes
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Abstract
Abstract The human and mouse genomes contain instructions that specify RNAs and proteins and govern the timing, magnitude, and cellular context of their production. To better delineate these elements, phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) Project has expanded analysis of the cell and tissue repertoires of RNA transcription, chromatin structure and modification, DNA methylation, chromatin looping, and occupancy by transcription factors and RNA-binding proteins. Here we summarize these efforts, which have produced 5,992 new experimental datasets, including systematic determinations across mouse fetal development. All data are available through the ENCODE data portal ( https://www.encodeproject.org ), including phase II ENCODE 1 and Roadmap Epigenomics 2 data. We have developed a registry of 926,535 human and 339,815 mouse candidate cis -regulatory elements, covering 7.9 and 3.4% of their respective genomes, by integrating selected datatypes associated with gene regulation, and constructed a web-based server (SCREEN; http://screen.encodeproject.org ) to provide flexible, user-defined access to this resource. Collectively, the ENCODE data and registry provide an expansive resource for the scientific community to build a better understanding of the organization and function of the human and mouse genomes.
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The record
- Venue
- Nature
- Topic
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Canadian institutions
- University of TorontoMcGill UniversitySimon Fraser UniversityUniversité de MontréalMontreal Clinical Research Institute
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institute of General Medical SciencesNational Institutes of HealthNational Cancer InstituteNational Human Genome Research InstituteBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Keywords
- ENCODEGenomeChromatinComputational biologyBiologyHuman genomeEpigenomicsContext (archaeology)GeneticsDNA methylationGeneDNATranscription (linguistics)Gene expression
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes