Heterogenous Bump Metallurgy Through a Sequential Plating Based Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel, heterogeneous solder bump structure and means to achieve is proposed. By exploiting a sequential plating process for bump fabrication, a diffusion barrier is placed between solder structures comprising different Ag contents. By controlling the nature and shape of the barrier, a specific structure was derived that successfully maintained a low Ag, ductile solder region proximal to the fragile BEOL of the chip during all solder reflow processes that would occur prior to a reinforcing underfill. A subsequent long dwell reflow step was demonstrated to be capable of breaking the barrier to allow Ag diffusion from the high Ag content region, thus creating a homogeneous interconnect structure with sufficiently high Ag content to encourage high electromigration resistance. The derived temporary structure has the added advantage of ensuring a high aspect ratio, pillar-like solder structure that enables a high-density interconnect design without the use of a stiff Cu structure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".