Therapeutic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Stroke
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to index and modulate the neurophysiology of the motor system after a brain injury, specifically stroke. It provides an overview of TMS, applications in healthy and neurologically injured populations to index cortical excitability and connectivity, along with the potential application to modulate excitability and connectivity to achieve a functional benefit (e.g., repetitive TMS [rTMS]). There has been growing interest to use rTMS as a potential therapeutic tool for healthy and neurological populations since it has been shown to cause lasting alterations in cortical excitability and behavior beyond that of the stimulation itself. The chapter highlights the limitations of a “one-size-fits-all” application of TMS to index and modulate the motor system. Together, this will support the concluding framework to develop a targeted assessment of cortical excitability and connectivity to foster application of an individualized rTMS treatment approach.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".