Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on mid-to-late gestational blood pressure in a randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the dose-dependent effect of maternal vitamin D during pregnancy on blood pressure from mid-to-late gestation within the context of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation in Bangladesh (n = 1298). METHODS: Healthy women without hypertension were enrolled at 17-24 weeks gestation and randomized to one of four vitamin D doses during pregnancy: placebo, 4200, 16 800 or 28 000 IU/week. This substudy examined 1257 women with blood pressure measured at enrollment with at least one other timepoint (measurements included at 24 weeks, 30 weeks, and weekly from 36 weeks until delivery). Effects of vitamin D on SBP or DBP were analyzed using mixed-effects models. RESULTS: Vitamin D did not have an effect on SBP or DBP at 24 or 30 weeks; blood pressure was higher at 36 weeks for the highest dose versus placebo [mean difference (95% CI) mmHg: SBP = 2.3 (0.9-3.7); DBP = 1.9 (0.7-3.0)]. The differences in changes in SBP and DBP between vitamin D groups and placebo across intervals were small (P > 0.10), but the difference for 28 000 IU/week versus placebo was the highest from 30 to 36 weeks [SBP 0.2 (-0.1 to 0.5) and DBP 0.2 (-0.0 to 0.4) mmHg]. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D supplementation starting mid-pregnancy did not affect SBP or DBP until late gestation, and then only at the highest dose. These results do not support the clinical use of vitamin D in pregnancy to lower maternal blood pressure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".