Trzy autobusy. O niewidzialnej w studiach migracyjnych ucieczce Ukraińców z Polski w latach 80. XX w. i dlaczego nie są „polskimi migrantami”
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three Buses: The Escape of the Ukrainians from Poland in the 1980s, its Invisibility in Migration Studies and why they are not “Polish migrants” The aim of the text is to reflect on the absence in Polish migration studies of research on the emigration of members of national / ethnic minorities from Poland in the 1980s, on the example of Ukrainians. The author presents the causes and course of emigration of Polish citizens of Ukrainian nationality in the last decade of the Polish People’s Republic, highlighting the consequences of this migration for the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, the Ukrainian national minority in Poland and for the migrants themselves. The author undertakes a discussion with literature which defines Polish emigrants of the 1980s to Canada and Western Europe as “Polish emigrants”, pointing out the differences between migration motivations and adaptation strategies of Polish and Ukrainian migrants in the 1980s. The article also discusses the attitudes of Ukrainian emigrants towards the country of origin, the impact of their minority condition in the People’s Republic of Poland on their new identity in their host country as well as lifestyle choices. Keywords: minority migrations, Ukrainians, Canada, Polish migrants Strzeszczenie Celem tekstu jest namysł nad nieobecnością zagadnienia migracji członków mniejszości narodowych/etnicznych w polskich studiach migracyjnych dotyczących wyjazdów z Polski w latach 80. XX wieku na przykładzie Ukraińców. Autorka prezentuje przyczyny i przebieg emigracji obywateli polskich narodowości ukraińskiej w ostatniej dekadzie PRL, wskazuje na konsekwencje tej migracji dla diaspory ukraińskiej w Kanadzie, ukraińskiej mniejszości narodowej w Polsce oraz dla samych migrantów. Podejmuje dyskusję z literaturą, która określa emigrantów z Polski z lat 80. XX w. do Kanady i Europy Zachodniej jako „polskich emigrantów” zasilających Polonię, wskazując na różnice między motywacjami migracyjnymi i strategiami adaptacyjnymi polskich i ukraińskich migrantów w latach 80. XX w. Omawia również postawy ukraińskich emigrantów wobec kraju pochodzenia, wpływ ich mniejszościowej kondycji w PRL na dokonywane w nowym kraju wybory tożsamościowe i w zakresie stylu życia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".