Microporous adsorbent from winemaking waste for the recovery of Mn(<scp>VII</scp>) in liquid solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Microporous activated carbon (MAC) was synthesized from winemaking waste and was used to adsorb Mn(VII) from aqueous solutions under various experimental conditions. Moreover, Mn(VII) adsorption on MAC was compared to other adsorbents and an ion‐exchange resin, as well as those of other anionic complexes. Langmuir type‐1 isotherm best fitted the adsorption process, whereas for all the studied temperatures (30°C‐60°C), the experimental data fitted well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The calculated activation energy was 8.1 kJ · mol−1, suggesting that Mn(VII) adsorption onto the MAC was a physical adsorption driven process. A reduction of Mn(VII) to Mn(II) occurs at a pH of 1 with the precipitation of MnO2. Mn(VII) recovery from loaded‐activated carbon using acidic conditions and different variables was investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".