An Investigation of Rural Women Human Capital Investment in China1/INVESTIGATION DE L'INVESTISSEMENT EN CAPITAL HUMAIN DES FEMMES RURALES EN CHINE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: This research note examines the nature of human capital in China. The study concludes that human capital investment in China were constrained as a consequence of the interface of gender ideologies and social and economic structure constraints. The direction of future changes may depend on the level of involvement from external forces as well as internal adopted by Chinese . Key words: Rural Women, Human Capital, Human Capital Investment Resume: L'article present examine la nature du capital humain des femmes rurales en Chine. On conclut de l'etude que l'investissement en capital humain des femmes rurales en Chine etait contrainte comme une consequence de l'interface entre l'ideologie de sexe et les contraintes structurales sociales et economiques. La direction du changement futur dependrait du niveau de participation des forces externes et internes adoptees par les femmes rurales chinoises. Mots-Cles: femme rurale, capital humain, investissement en capital humain 1. INTRODUCTION Women play an important role in creating human culture and impelling social development. China is a great agricultural nation, while the takes a percentage of over 70 in the entire population; with masculine labor forces doing egresses works, now in the first line production of countryside, the female have occupied 65.6% of the labor force. The output value that created accounts for more than 60% in the total agricultural output value, now the become the main body in the agricultural production in China.4 Some valuable research into and gendered processes has been undertaken in many aspects, reflecting the increase in number of in the labour market and in workplace organization . Such as: the problem of the farmland assignment and sex equality in countryside (Zhuling,2000); The affect of marketability in reconstruction of feminine value status (Wang Jinling,1999); The function of the women's work in agricultural production (Hu Ruifa, 1998); The influence of countryside reform to family and social position (Zhang Minjie, Wang Xinfeng, 2000); The effects of evolution of countryside industrial structure to the adaptiveness of female.(Sun Liangyuan, ginger insult, 2003); The cost, benefit and the employment pattern of the female doing egresses works (Huang Zuhui 2006), and so on. This article attempts to seek the ways that enhance the female human capital investment, through revelation of the factors and reasons which influence female human capital. To increase investment human capital for women, is not only an important way of promoting social efficient production, but also a strategy need to achieve human sustainable development. 2. METHODOLOGY The data for this research note were drawn from three secondary sources, including (a) Statistical yearbook, including National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2005, Beijing: China Statistical Publishing Company, and China healthy yearbook, National Bureau of Health of China, in 2005.Beijing: China Population Publishing Company; (b)Many kind of press involved the rural women include journals, books and newspaper, in quality broadsheets such as Problem of Agriculture Economics and Research on Agriculture Modernization , in population-orientated press include book and journal such as Reformation and growth of Chinese labor market ,The Population Science of China , Journal of Political and Economy Journal of Labor Economics, some comprehend journal such as Literature Exchange and Journal of Zhejiang. Research of Education of Tsinghua University. Newspaper such as Guang ming Daily and Newspaper of Chinese education. The third source is reporting in Internet including articles and reports such as China Education and Research Network. http://www.edu.cn/, The education condition Chinese received , http://www. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".