Bibliographic record
Abstract
Living in tribe formation and forming tribes are important features in the field of Middle Asian History. The Ting-lings, Kanglıs and Töleses were three important tribes up until the second quarter of the 7th century. After 627 these little tribal groups would be more prominent and they would be mentioned with their respective names. In the time of the Huns, the main tribal group recorded in the sources was that of the Ting Lings. In 4th century AD, this main tribe vanished and was replaced with the Kanglıs who were stuck between three great political powers, the Tabgaçs, Akhuns and Juan Juans, and were thus unable to form a state, although they have an interesting place in history due to their cultural features. After maintaining their existence for 200 years the Kanglis would became Töles and they would be the nucleus of the Gök Türk Khanate’s population. Then they would be mentioned by name among the other tribes that had participated in political events, and they contributed to the formation of the ethnic structure of the modern Turkish world. Investigating the main tribe formations along with the great dynasties will shed light upon the origins of Turkish history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".