Migración, relaciones internacionales y turismo: cubanos en Canadá
Bibliographic record
Abstract
En este articulo se expone, a nivel teorico-metodologico, la interrelacion de la migracion, las relaciones internacionales y el turismo, en el caso particular Canada, como principal mercado emisor de turismo hacia Cuba. La investigacion se realiza desde posiciones marxistas, acorde con el momento historico actual, reconociendo el vacio de analisis epistemologicos en esta esencial area de la migracion, las relaciones internacionales y el turismo. Se valora el comportamiento de las visitas de cubanos residentes en Canada, que se mantiene con una tendencia permanente al crecimiento. Al comparar el comportamiento de los cubanos residentes en Canada que visitan Cuba, se comprueba que difiere totalmente del comportamiento de los arribos de visitantes canadienses a Cuba, que mantuvo un crecimiento permanente en el periodo comprendido entre 1994 hasta 2015, asi como su tendencia al decrecimiento desde 2016 hasta el primer semestre de 2018, en contraste ademas, con el crecimiento de otros mercados emisores hacia Cuba, asi como del turismo canadiense hacia otros destinos caribenos, como Mexico y Republica Dominicana. Se exponen los probables motivos de esta tendencia y se enfatiza la urgencia de continuar estimulando este mercado historico y que Cuba tiene potencialidades para recuperarlo. In this article, the interrelation of migration, international relations and tourism, in the particular case of Canada, as the main tourism-issuing market towards Cuba, is exposed on a theoretical-methodological level. The research is carried out from Marxist positions, according to the current historical moment, recognizing the vacuum of epistemological analysis in this essential area of migration, international relations and tourism. The behavior of visits from Cubans residing in Canada is valued, which is maintained with a permanent growth trend. When comparing the behavior of Cubans residing in Canada who visit Cuba, it is found that it differs totally from the behavior of the arrivals of Canadian visitors to Cuba, which maintained a permanent growth in the period between 1994 to 2015, as well as its tendency to decrease from 2016 to the first half of 2018, in contrast also, with the growth of other outbound markets to Cuba, as well as Canadian tourism to other Caribbean destinations, such as Mexico and the Dominican Republic. The probable reasons for this trend are exposed and the urgency of continuing to stimulate this historical market and that Cuba has the potential to recover it is emphasized.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".