Adipose Stromal Cells Enhance Decellularized Adipose Tissue Remodeling Through Multimodal Mechanisms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) scaffolds represent a promising cell-instructive platform for soft tissue engineering. While recent work has highlighted that mesenchymal stromal cells, including adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), can be combined with decellularized scaffolds to augment tissue regeneration, the mechanisms involved require further study. The objective of this work was to probe the roles of syngeneic donor ASCs and host-derived macrophages in tissue remodeling of DAT scaffolds within an immunocompetent mouse model. Dual transgenic reporter mouse strains were employed to track and characterize the donor ASCs and host macrophages within the DAT implants. More specifically, ASCs isolated from dsRed mice were seeded on DAT scaffolds, and the seeded and unseeded control scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into MacGreen transgenic mice for up to 8 weeks. ASC seeding was shown to augment cell infiltration into the DAT implants at 8 weeks, and this was linked to significantly enhanced angiogenesis relative to the unseeded controls. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated long-term retention of the syngeneic donor ASCs over the duration of the 8-week study, providing evidence that the DAT scaffolds are a cell-supportive delivery platform. Notably, newly formed adipocytes within the DAT implants were not dsRed + , indicating that the donor ASCs supported fat formation through indirect mechanisms. Immunohistochemical tracking of host macrophages through costaining for enhanced green fluorescent protein with the macrophage marker Iba1 revealed that ASC seeding significantly increased the number of infiltrating macrophages within the DAT implants at 3 weeks, while the fraction of macrophages relative to the total cellular infiltrate was similar between the groups at 1, 3, and 8 weeks. Consistent with the tissue remodeling response that was observed, western blotting demonstrated that there was significantly augmented expression of CD163 and CD206, markers of constructive M2-like macrophages, within the ASC-seeded DAT implants. Overall, our results demonstrate that exogenous ASCs enhance tissue regeneration within DAT scaffolds indirectly through multimodal mechanisms that include host cell recruitment and immunomodulation. These data provide further evidence to support the use of decellularized scaffolds as a delivery platform for ASCs in tissue engineering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".