Bibliographic record
Abstract
In dynamic wheel/rail models, the Hertzian contact stiffness is an important parameter. A track structure and wheel set connected by means of a Hertzian spring is used to describe high frequency vertical vibrations. Unfortunately the Hertzian contact stiffness has been a subject of some dispute by various authors and the suggested values of Hertzian contact stiffness by different authors spread over a wide range between 1,400 and 2,300 kN/mm. In an earlier paper the author used Bousinesque equation for vertical deformation of rail under the center of a circular loaded surface to derive a linearized Hertzian contact stiffness formula. Eisenmann has devised a simplified calculation method for the wheel-rail contact problem with the assumption that all curve radii in the mathematical formulation of the contact problem are infinitely large except the radius of the wheel. Measurements have proven that a simplified two-dimensional calculation under Eisenmann assumptions suffices for wheel diameters between 600 and 1,200 mm. In this paper, a formula for the contact length under Eisenmann assumptions is derived first before deriving a formula for the contact stiffness. The formulation is validated by application on data taking from literature and by comparing Hertzian contact stiffness values with the earlier formula.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".