Confidence intervals for the ratio of medians of two independent log-normal distributions
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We focus on the construction of confidence intervals for the ratios of medians of two independent, log-normal distributions based on the normal approximation (NA) approach, the method of variance estimate recovery (MOVER), and the generalized confidence interval (GCI) approach. We also compare the performance of the three confidence intervals in terms of the coverage probabilities, and average lengths, using Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the GCI confidence interval is generally preferred in terms of coverage probabilities; however, the average length for the GCI is always wider than for other approaches. The NA and MOVER approaches could be recommended on the basis of the specific values of μi,σi2 and/or sample sizes. The confidence intervals are illustrated using real data examples.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it