Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTION FACTOR 1 induced skotomorphogenesis and de-etiolation in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Skotomorphogenesis occurs after germination and before excavation in plants. It inhibits excessive absorbed energy in cells and can prevent the lethal photooxidative damage caused by transitioning from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis for light energy utilization. To investigate the mechanisms underlying photoreactions in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], we identified and isolated soybean phytochrome-interaction factor 1 (GmPIF1). A yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay showed that GmPIF1 interacted with photoactive PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA) and B (PHYB) in both soybean and Arabidopsis (GmPHYA, GmPHYB, AtPHYA, and AtPHYB). To analyze its function, we ectopically over-expressed GmPIF1 in wild type and pif1 mutant Arabidopsis. In etiolated seedlings, GmPIF1 caused hypocotyl elongation, cotyledon closed, apical hooks folded, and less accumulation of protochlorophyllide. In Y2H, GmPIF1 interacted with AtHDA15 that inhibited chlorophyll synthesis under dark conditions. After transition from darkness to white light, GmPIF1 promotes the reduction of photobleaching and induced de-etiolation. Moreover, GmPIF1 inhibited PHYA- and PHYB-mediated seed germination. Our findings increase our understanding of the regulatory network of light response in soybean and provide useful gene resources for soybean breeding in programs and genetics engineering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".