Tarification optimale du gaz carbonique et élasticités dans les transports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La première partie de ce rapport utilise les versions les plus récentes des modèles DICE, FUND et PAGE ainsi que cinq scénarios socioéconomiques nouvellement conçus pour estimer le coût social du carbone en 2020 à 107, 79$CA2018, précédemment évalué à 48, 50$CA2018 par le groupe de travail canadien interministériel sur le coût social des gaz à effet de serre. La deuxième partie de ce rapport présente une revue de littérature sur les élasticités-prix dans le domaine des transports, avec un intérêt particulier pour celles de l’essence et des transports publics. La revue de la littérature est suivie d’une section empirique dans laquelle un modèle inspirée des travaux présentés plus tôt estime l’élasticité-prix de l’essence au Québec entre -0, 113 et -0, 125.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".