Combining Ground Source Heat Pump and Organic Rankine Cyle for Power and Heat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is conducted to analyze the working of borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) with ground source heat pump (GSHP) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC).Drake Landing Solar Community (DLSC) situated in Okotoks, Alberta, Canada with 144 boreholes generating 236 kW of the heating load is taken as a case study to investigate its functionality when coupling with GSHP and ORC.Nine different refrigerants falling in the desired temperature range when BTES temperature drops to 60°C or 50°C during the winter season.This work is an effort to make the existing heating system into a combined heat and power (CHP) system, which is able to generate power to run the BTES and district loop pumps and also provides the heating at the same time.Results revealed that, at a source temperature of 50°C from the BTES, the combination of refrigerant R1234YF-R1234YF was considered to be the best at 75°C evaporation temperature; it raised the fluid temperature at the condenser to 83°C by having maximum coefficient of performance of 3.5 of GSHP and overall combined heat and power efficiency of 77%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".