The Integration of Border Regions in the European Union: A Model Approach
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study analyzes the problems related to the integration of border regions in the EU. Existing literature on the subject presents a range of models that specify different types of border regions based on the intensity of their interactions and accounting for the causes of their development. It has been suggested that these models may help in evaluating the intensity of cross-border interaction, but such assumptions have not been empirically verified. Moreover, most of the presented models also fail to fully account for integration processes in the EU. Thus, the stages of cross-border integration defined in the literature seem insufficient. The current paper proposes a five-category model for border regions, listing the stages of integration between them: from regions that demonstrate no interaction whatsoever, to cross-border regions – covering at least two border regions – with the most intense interaction. The model has been empirically verified on the basis of selected Polish-German pairs of cities.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it