Histological structure of thyroid gland and level of thyroid hormones in tadpoles exposed to oil and petroleum products
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Growing global demand and growth in oil production and refining lead to an increase in environmental pollution by waste from these industries. Huge territories of Kazakhstan are influenced by the activities of the oil and oil refining industries. The consequence of this is the deterioration of ecosystems in the oil-producing regions, the decline in biodiversity and deterioration of public health. In this regard, there is a need in an informative bioindicator for studying the state of ecosystems of oil producing regions. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of oil and petroleum products exposure on the function of thyroid gland in tadpoles of local amphibian species. The study revealed that chronic exposure to watersoluble fraction of oil, o-xylene or diesel fuel causes hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the thyroid follicular cells, a decrease in the colloid volume in the follicles, as well as a decrease in the content of thyroid hormones in the tadpoles of the marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) and green toad (Bufo viridis), which indicates a suppression of thyroid function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".