Surveillance, Settlements, and Sanctuary: A Comparative and Relational History of Refugee Policies in Central America, 1979-92
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Author(s): De La Cruz, Rachael Frances | Advisor(s): Casavantes Bradford, Anita | Abstract: Beginning in 1979, Salvadorans began crossing international borders. Throughout the following decade approximately 1.5 million Salvadorans sought refuge throughout Central America, Mexico, the United States, and Canada. This purported “bomba migratoria” (migration bomb) marked a major shift in regional migration and forced each country to contend with the demands of a new refugee population. This dissertation traces the histories of how and why the governments of Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Belize responded to the hundreds of thousands of Salvadoran refugees that entered their national territories during these years. Government documents, international organizational reports, newspaper articles, and refugee accounts reveal that for the states in the region Salvadoran refugees presented more than just a problem to solve. Rather, in the context of the late Cold War, Central American governments found the crisis potentially advantageous. Guided by pragmatism as much as humanitarianism, Central American governments sought to convert Salvadoran refugees into tools of the nation-state.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".