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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recently, a new orthorhombic phase has been discovered in the ferroelectric system $(1\ensuremath{-}x)\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Zn}}_{1/3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2/3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}\ensuremath{-}x{\mathrm{PbTiO}}_{3}$ $(\mathrm{PZN}\ensuremath{-}x\mathrm{PT})$ for $x=9%,$ and for $x=8%$ after the application of an electric field. In the present work, synchrotron x-ray measurements have been extended to higher concentrations $10%<~x<~15%.$ The orthorhombic phase was observed for $x=10%,$ but, surprisingly, for $x>~11%$ only a tetragonal phase was found down to 20 K. The orthorhombic phase thus exists only in a narrow concentration range with near-vertical phase boundaries on both sides. This orthorhombic symmetry ${(M}_{C}$ type) is in contrast to the monoclinic ${M}_{A}$-type symmetry recently identified at low temperatures in the $\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{x}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PZT) system over a triangle-shaped region of the phase diagram in the range $x=0.46--0.52.$ To further characterize this relaxor-type system, neutron inelastic scattering measurements have also been performed on a crystal of $\mathrm{PZN}\ensuremath{-}x\mathrm{PT}$ with $x=15%.$ The anomalous soft-phonon behavior (``waterfall'' effect) previously observed for $x=0%$ and 8% is clearly observed for the 15% crystal, which indicates that the presence of polar nanoregions extends to large values of x.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.044 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".