Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Canadian Jewish Studies Reader. Richard Menkis and Norman Ravvin, eds. Calgary: Red Deer Press, 2004. 493 pp. sc $24.95 CAD; $18.95 US. Published as the third book in a series dedicated to Canadian Jewish studies, this volume is a rich, if somewhat uneven, collection of essays reflecting diverse facets of the experience of Jews in Canada. In attempting to match the better-known story of Jews in America with knowledge of Jews in Canada, the multidisciplinary contributors to this book reveal intriguing and little-known aspects of Canadian Jewish cultural, social, and political history originating in communities from coast to coast and from the eighteenth century onward. In their totality, the essays suggest something more significant than the simple correspondence of Jewish immigrant experiences in North America or than changing ethnic minority experiences over time. Underlying the chapters is an archetypical Canadian theme of continual accommodation among ethnic minorities and vis-a-vis the dominant society, alternately preserving ethnicity through distinction and finding common ground with others. The lessons for scholars and for Canada of this long, collective struggle lies not only in how Jews maintained their cultural identity while achieving an admirable measure of social integration, but also in the way they faced the challenges of extreme hostility and learned to negotiate political identities and sensitivities. The book is divided into five sub-sections: Heroes and Counterheroes, A Sense of Time, Jewish Spaces, Sites of Memory, and Multicultural Encounters. In the first section, the collective Canadian Jewish struggle is portrayed by particular descriptions of colourful public figures in New France and in Victorian Canada, where successful Jews contended with public anti-Semitism even while contributing to their new country. Historical examples of the intersection of anti-Semitism and feminism and the religious roots of Moroccan Jews in Canada in traditional North African saint worship are also examined, delving into sociocultural contradictions that conventional cultural histories might neglect. The subsequent section, A Sense of Time, concerning Jewish rituals and worship in everyday life in a predominantly Christian Canada, promises to be fascinating but falls short. Resolving everyday cultural tensions--celebrating the Sabbath, holidays, and marriage rites--is fundamental to many minority cultural groups. Unfortunately, these chapters are not enticingly written, diminishing the significance of marking time in everyday life. The next chapters focus on Jewish Spaces, and they do so very well. One fine chapter about Orthodox Jews in urban history describes the development of the settlement corridor from downtown Toronto northward to the suburbs. A chapter contributed by the Prairie poet Miriam Waddington evocatively captures the emotional and intellectual yearnings of displaced Jewish writers, portraying a small artists' salon in Ottawa in the 1930s. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.065 | 0.019 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".