Dietary supplementation with <i>Artemisia argyi</i> extract on inflammatory mediators and antioxidant capacity in broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Artemisia argyi extract (AAE) on broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 96 Arbour Acres broilers (1-d-old) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two dietary treatments (AAE at 0 or 1000 mg/kg) and two immunological challenge treatments (saline or LPS). On d 14, 16, 18 and 20, the broilers were injected intra-abdominally with LPS solution at 500 μg/kg of body weight or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Blood, liver, spleen and small intestine were collected on day 21. The increased relative weights of the thymus and spleen induced by LPS were significantly decreased by AAE supplementation. The level of serum nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were significantly compromised by AAE inclusion. Dietary AAE significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and iNOS in the different tissues of LPS-challenged broilers. The AAE supplementation tended to increase the levels of serum GSH-Px and CAT, but significantly reduced the level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA). Collectively, feeding AAE to LPS-challenged broilers could decrease serum NO level, maintain the relative weight of internal organs, enhance the antioxidant capacity, and inhibit TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway at the transcriptional level.HighlightsAAE inclusion significantly inhibited the serum NO level, and the activity of iNOS induced by LPS.AAE supplementation tended to increase the levels of serum GSH-Px and CAT, but significantly reduced the level of serum MDA.Feeding AAE to the LPS-challenged broilers reduced the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB in the liver, spleen and small intestine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".