Potential To Produce Sugars and Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulps
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Softwood mechanical pulps have proven to be quite recalcitrant to enzymatic hydrolysis. However, the unhydrolyzed, residual fibers might have potential as nanofibrillated cellulose feedstocks. In the work reported here, a bleached softwood chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) was neutrally sulfonated (S-BCTMP) in an attempt to enhance fiber accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. A 12 h hydrolysis at 10% solid loading with CTec3 cellulases provided optimum conditions with 22% of the pulp hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and about one-third of the original substrate remaining as lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs). Prolonged hydrolysis (72 h) resulted in 42% hydrolysis of the original substrate with only 16% of the original S-BCTMP recovered as LCNFs. Although the LCNFs contained high levels of lignin (26.8%–38.5%), they were successfully used to prepare transparent films showing a high contact angle (82.8°) and strong UV-blocking properties. It was apparent that enzyme-mediated modification of CTMP has the potential to produce both fermentable sugars and higher-value LCNFs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".