Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Artificial Neural Network over South-Western Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was carried out to estimate evapotranspiration over the South-Western region of Nigeria, Artificial Neural Network was used for the estimation of Evapotranspiration over South-Western Nigeria. Using a 36 years meteorological data of South-Western Nigeria obtained from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Power data, the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network and Radial Basis Function Neural Network under several Neural Network Architecture was used, training, testing and validation operations also were performed for estimating evapotranspiration closely to the target calculated value. The performance of each neural network under several NN Architecture was evaluated using statistical indicator such as R (Correlation of Coefficient), R2 (Coefficient of Determination), MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error). Results present Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network the best neural network with about 70% of its R-values (0.70) because ETo varies in the same pattern as the four of the input parameters used (minimum and maximum air temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed) compare to Radial Basis Network that has 50% of its R-values below (0.70) under several NN Architecture because of the inverse relationship and poor correlation of the ETo and relative humidity. Also, LAGOS and OYO dataset produced the highest performance with an R-value of (0.999998) as a result of uniformity in the climatic trend over 36 years while OGUN dataset produced the lowest performance of (0.467169) as a result of significant variation in the climatic trend over the past 36 years. The study presented here has profound implications for future studies of estimating evapotranspiration and one day help solve the problem of water scarcity and food insecurity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".