Microstructure Refinement for Fe-34Mn-10Al-0.76C Alloy Using Variable Pulsing Magnetic Field (PMF) Solidification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The effect of the pulsed electromagnetic fields with different fluxes (voltages) on the microstructure of an alloy during all stages of solidification under specified thermal conditions will be discussed in this project. Experiments were carried out in the university laboratory for this purpose. The optical scanning, electron microscopy scanning, and dispersed X-ray analysis methods were used to analyze the results of the micro-solidification formulations of the alloy with different fluxes. To perform the required evaluation, a control sample was tested without any treatment, then the results of every flux were compared with the results of this control sample. The applied magnetics flux and Lorentz forces were considered as the main reasons for the achieved grain refining and diffusion of the improved solubility in the sample. The fully equiaxed dendritic structure has been realized for the aluminum alloys at 180 Volts flux. Lorentz's strong force, induced by the magnetic field, deactivates the developing direction of the bifurcation (dendrites), as well as spoils the directions of growing the intermetallic alloy, as a result of the formation of solid microstructures. Further refinements were achieved, by increasing the voltages. Therefore, it can be concluded that the pulsed electromagnetic field is a promising technique that can be utilized in the metallurgy evolution. The effect of PMF with different fluxes on the microstructure of the Fe-34Mn-10Al-0.76C alloy samples will be examined experimentally using optical scanning, EDX and SEM and by applying various analysis techniques. Then, compared with the control sample that don’t treated with any PMF. The initial dendrites growth direction and size were changed according to the PMF flux. Also, the lengths of the initial dendrites were reduced by increasing the voltage, which led to the formation of different dendrite equiaxed grains. The PMF flux affects the initial dendrites growth direction and size. While, increasing the PMF voltage reduces the lengths of the initial dendrites. Moreover, the PMF has a great impact on diffusion of solute through solidification that then influences the formation of eutectic microstructural.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".