Tissue-Type Classification With Uncertainty Quantification of Microwave and Ultrasound Breast Imaging: A Deep Learning Approach
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A deep learning approach is proposed for performing tissue-type classification of tomographic microwave and ultrasound property images of the breast. The approach is based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) utilizing the U-net architecture that also quantifies the uncertainty in the classification of each pixel. Quantitative tomographic reconstructions of dielectric properties (complex-valued permittivity), ultrasonic properties (compressibility and attenuation), as well as their combination, with the corresponding actual tissue-type classification constitute the training set. The CNN learns to map the quantitative property reconstructions to a single tissue-type image. The level of confidence in predicting a tissue-type at each pixel is determined. This uncertainty quantification is diagnostically critical for biomedical applications, especially when attempting to distinguish between cancerous and healthy tissues. The Gauss-Newton Inversion algorithm is used for the quantitative reconstruction of both dielectric and ultrasonic properties. Electromagnetic and ultrasound scattered-field data is obtained from MRI-derived numerical breast phantoms. Several numerical breast phantoms types, from fatty to dense, are considered. The proposed classification and uncertainty quantification approach is shown to outperform a previously studied tissue-type classification method based on a Bayesian approach.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it