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Record W3090587403 · doi:10.30564/jms.v2i3.1738

Perspectives on offshore wind farms development in Great Lakes

2020· article· en· W3090587403 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Marine Science · 2020
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicAquatic and Environmental Studies
Canadian institutionsYork University
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaYork University
KeywordsOffshore wind powerSubmarine pipelineEnvironmental scienceInstallationWind powerRenewable energyGlobal warmingOceanographyClimate changeMeteorologyGeographyEngineeringGeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Our atmosphere is overloading with carbon dioxide and other global warming emissions due to human activities. It causes a web of significant and harmful impacts. Renewable energy resources produce little to no global warming emissions. To date, most of the existing offshore wind farms have been deployed in shallow ocean-coastal areas. The salinity of the ocean averages approximately 35 percent. The Great Lakes with freshwater have shown high potential for installing offshore wind farms, and significant advantages. In this study, the potential capacity for installing offshore wind farms in Great Lakes is discussed based on the wind pattern and speed. Also, it includes the barriers, issues, wind vision, advantages and disadvantages, the most appropriate locations for erecting the offshore wind farms in Great Lakes, updated offshore wind farms, and statistics for decision-makers, interested communities and investors. This paper is among the rare works that have been done in aspect of statistical and data for the wind offshore in Great Lakes as the moratorium in Canadian side and the difficulties in obtaining permissions in the American side put the offshore wind sector on pause for a long time, and recently (since 2016) it started to get some momentum.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.068
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.208
Teacher spread0.188 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it