Effect of seed size on germination in three species from arid Arabian deserts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In many species, seeds with different sizes show diverse responses in their requirements for temperature and light for optimal germination. In this study, the effect of seed size (i.e., small and large) on germination was tested in seeds of Brassica tournefortii Gouan, Lotus garcinii DC., and Salvadora persica L. from arid Arabian Desert habitats. The mean seed size of all three study species differs significantly between small and large-sized seeds. Differences were observed in seed germination between large and small seeds of B. tournefortii and L. garcinii. We found that the large seeds of B. tournefortii and L. garcinii showed a higher germination percentage at all tested temperatures than that displayed by the small seeds. However, both small and large seeds of S. persica germinated equally (100%) well under all tested incubation conditions. Our results show significant differences in germination percentage between the small and large seeds of B. tournefortii at 25/35 °C under a 12 h light regime. However, seeds of L. garcinii showed a significant difference in germination percentage at low temperatures (15/25 °C) under a 12 h light regime.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".