Investigation of Sequential and Simultaneous Crossflow HeatExchangers for Automotive Application
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In current research, forced convective heat transfer of sequential and simultaneous heat exchangers are numerically investigated.Both, the sequential and the simultaneous, modules of heat exchangers are identical in size, i.e. frontal area and volume.The simulations have been conducted on serpentine finned heat exchangers in air-to-liquid cross-flow orientation using ANSYS FLUENT, a widely used finite volume method (FVM) commercial code.The heat transfer are concurrently obtained for automatic transmission fluid (ATF) and 50% ethylene glycol-water mixture (EG).In the airside, the constant inlet temperature and velocity of the air have been maintained at 25⁰C and 6.3 m/s respectively.In liquid side, the inlet temperature of ATF and EG have also been kept constant at 150⁰C and 105⁰C respectively.For both the sequential and the simultaneous orientations, air has been used to cool ATF and EG at various massflow rates within a laminar flow regime.For a given Reynolds number, simultaneous heat exchanger module displays significant enhancement of heat transfer rate than that of the conventional sequential module.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".