The Effect of Osteopathic Manual Treatment on Concussion Injury Rehabilitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Duplex-Doppler ultrasonography was used to identify changes in blood flow velocity and volume as a result of concussion; and the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 5th Edition (SCAT5) was used to determine the effect of osteopathic manual treatment (OMT) on participant recovery. Ten healthy participants (mean age 24.70 yrs, n= 5 female) and thirteen symptomatic concussed participants (mean age 26.54 yrs, n= 7 female) were recruited and screened using a health questionnaire and the SCAT5. Significant differences between healthy versus concussed individuals for the SCAT5 total number of symptoms, t(15.51) = 3.11, p = .008, and SCAT5 symptom severity, t(13.15) = 3.33, p = .005 were found. There was a trend toward decreased cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) between healthy versus concussed individuals, t(21) = 1.41, p = 0.17. These results provide support that OMT may improve cerebral hemodynamics and decrease symptom burden and severity in a concussed population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".