The Effect of Osteopathic Manual Treatment on Concussion Injury Rehabilitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Duplex-Doppler ultrasonography was used to identify changes in blood flow velocity and volume as a result of concussion; and the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 5th Edition (SCAT5) was used to determine the effect of osteopathic manual treatment (OMT) on participant recovery. Ten healthy participants (mean age 24.70 yrs, n= 5 female) and thirteen symptomatic concussed participants (mean age 26.54 yrs, n= 7 female) were recruited and screened using a health questionnaire and the SCAT5. Significant differences between healthy versus concussed individuals for the SCAT5 total number of symptoms, t(15.51) = 3.11, p = .008, and SCAT5 symptom severity, t(13.15) = 3.33, p = .005 were found. There was a trend toward decreased cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) between healthy versus concussed individuals, t(21) = 1.41, p = 0.17. These results provide support that OMT may improve cerebral hemodynamics and decrease symptom burden and severity in a concussed population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".