Fluidized bed hydrodynamic modelling of CO 2 in syngas: Distorted RTD curves due to adsorption on FCC
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hydrodynamics of gas-phase fluidized beds is non-ideal due to high velocity. Micro-fluidized beds have distinct flow patterns because of the wall and the diameter constrains bubble velocity. We measured the gas phase RTD in a 8 mm ID quartz tube loaded with fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC). We devised a feed manifold to introduce a 4-component tracer gas as a bolus pulse. The FCC separated the gases based on diffusivity like chromatography. At ambient temperature, the trailing edge of CO, CH 4 , and CO 2 have extended tails and an axial dispersion model accounts only for 92 % of the variance. We developed a model to characterize the tailing that includes diffusion from the bulk gas to the FCC pores and adsorption-desorption of the gas on the catalyst. This model accounted for 98.6 % of the variance in the RTD. At 300°C the tailing disappeared consistent with expectations in chromatography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".