Single-mode lasers using parity-time-symmetric polarization eigenstates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anisotropic mirrors are used to form a laser resonator exhibiting non-Hermitian, parity-time (PT) symmetric, polarization states. The relative angle of the two mirrors' principal axes is used to control the degree of nonhermiticity. A sharp symmetry-breaking transition is observed at a specific angle, called the exceptional point, where the two states coalesce into a single polarization state and the interference pattern produced by counterpropagating (CP) waves vanishes. At a smaller angle, in the unbroken PT symmetry regime, the polarization state experiencing higher losses is suppressed. In the broken-symmetry regime, the two polarization states coexist, but the orthogonality of the CP waves favors single longitudinal mode emission by suppressing the interference pattern of the standing wave. The two regimes meet at the exceptional point, where a unique polarization state exists in a resonator free from interference intensity pattern. Microchip PT-symmetric lasers operating at the exceptional point are thus an attractive solution to achieve single-mode operation from a miniature monolithic device without any intracavity element.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".