Synthesis, characterization of two matrine derivatives and their cytotoxic effect on Sf9 cell of Spodoptera frugiperda
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The invasion ofSpodoptera frugiperdahas imposed a serious impact on global food security. Matrine is a botanical pesticide with a broad spectrum of insecticidal activity which was recommended for controllingSpodoptera frugiperda. In order to discover effective insecticide forSpodoptera frugiperda, two matrine derivatives modified with carbon disulfide and nitrogen-containing groups were systhesized. And their inhibition activities onSf9cell were evaluated. The structural configuration of compounds were characterized by IR, HPLC, MS, NMR and XRD, with yields of 52% and 65%, respectively. The IC50of the two newly synthesized compounds onSf9cell reduced to 0.648 mmol/L and 1.13 mmol/L, respectively, compared with that of matrine (5.330 mmol/L). In addition, microscopic observation ofSf9cell treated with the compounds showed that the number of adherent cells decreased, the cells shrunk, vacuolated and apoptotic bodies appeared. The two newly synthesized compounds exhibited better inhibitory effect onSf9cell than that of the parent matrine, suggesting that the positive effect of the introduction of 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate and diethylcarbamodithioate groups to matrine. The morphological observation ofSf9cell induced by derivatives indicated that apoptosis induction may be a mechanism that inhibits insect cell proliferation and exerts insecticidal effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".