Fluvial erosion of glacial tills and clay deposits: Sampling method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quaternary glacial deposits underlie Eastern Canada. Rivers incised in till and clay deposits can erode rapidly in high flows. Regions within the St-Lawrence Lowlands having land use change resulting in higher peak discharges can experience greater erosion rates, exacerbated by increased precipitation due to climate change. There is limited knowledge of the complex erosion processes of rivers in tills or of the range of critical shear stresses in either tills or clay deposits, particularly sensitive clays. Based on surficial geology maps and field surveys, representative minimally disturbed samples of clays and tills were collected from streambeds. The Sherbrooke sampler was used to collect clay samples for geotechnical testing and two methods were developed to collect samples for geotechnical and fluvial erosion testing for both clays and tills. The geotechnical properties will later be correlated with the critical shear stresses obtained from flume erosion tests of the samples.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".