Feasibility, Usability, and Enjoyment of a Home-Based Exercise Program Delivered via an Exercise App for Musculoskeletal Health in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Short-term Prospective Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many older adults choose and prefer to exercise at home, but to attain the greatest benefits, the correct type and dose of exercise should be prescribed and adherence maintained. Advances in digital health technologies now provide the opportunity for exercise professionals to deliver and monitor personalized, evidence-based exercise programs to anyone at any time. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, usability, and enjoyment of a web-based exercise prescription app as a platform for exercise professionals to remotely deliver and monitor an individually tailored, home-based multicomponent exercise program (delivered through tablet computers) to older adults living independently in the community. METHODS: This was an 8-week, prospective single-arm pilot study in 20 adults aged ≥65 years living independently in the community: 10 owned a tablet computer (tablet owners) and 10 did not own tablets (tablet nonowners). All participants were prescribed a home-based, muscle strengthening, weight-bearing impact and challenging balance/mobility program (3 days/week) using a commercial exercise prescription app on a tablet computer. Study endpoints were feasibility (retention, adherence, adverse events), usability (System Usability Scale), physical activity enjoyment (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale), changes in lower extremity function (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]), and level of physical activity (questionnaire). Process measures related to the participants' experiences and perceptions of the exercise program and web-based app were also included. RESULTS: A total of 19 participants (mean age, 70 years) completed the study (19/20, 95%), and mean adherence to the exercise program was 84% (95% CI 70%-97%). There were 2 minor adverse events in 2 participants from 401 completed sessions. Mean weekly walking time increased by 78 minutes (95% CI 0-156, P=.049) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time by 41 minutes (95% CI -8 to 90, P=.09). For SPPB scores, there was a 0.3 point (95% CI -0.1 to 0.7, P=.17) modest sized (effect size, d=0.42) improvement after 8 weeks. Mean (SD) system usability was high (86 [10] with 100 best imaginable). There was no change in the overall physical activity enjoyment scores after 8 weeks, but participants reported that they enjoyed using the web-based exercise app and the exercise program (median score 4 on a 5-point Likert scale). For all measures, there were no differences between previous tablet owners and nonowners. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot feasibility study indicates that it is safe and feasible for community-dwelling older adults to participate in a home-based, multicomponent exercise program targeting musculoskeletal health and function that was delivered and monitored remotely by exercise professionals using a tablet-based exercise prescription app.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".