The poisoning effect of sintering dust on V <sub>2</sub> O <sub>5</sub> –WO <sub>3</sub> /TiO <sub>2</sub> catalyst for NO <sub>x</sub> removal in iron ore sintering flue gas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NOx from iron ore sintering flue gas can be removed by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) over V2O5–WO3/TiO2 (VWTi) catalyst. In this work, the poisoning effects of K2SO4 and CaSO4 on the VWTi catalyst were investigated. The SCR activities and physicochemical properties of the fresh and poisoned catalysts were characterized. The results confirmed the deactivation of the poisoned catalysts, and the SCR activity decreased with increasing the concentration of the doped poisoning precursors. This reduced SCR activity could be related to the decreased reducibility of vanadium species and lower content of surface chemisorbed oxygen. Characterization of the poisoned catalysts showed migration of V 2p3/2 towards lower binding energy, reduced amount of NH3 desorption, and elimination of V=O stretching vibration bond, which could be attributed to the extension of V=O bond, consequently leading to the formation of –V–O–Ca/K bonds. A possible poisoning mechanism of the VWTi catalyst was proposed and discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".