Antimicrobial resistance in bovine respiratory disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antimicrobials are important tools in modern beef production. Antimicrobial drugs are often used for metaphylaxis to prevent and treat early cases of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) as well as for therapeutic purposes in feedlot cattle. Antimicrobial resistance of bovine respiratory pathogens can result in treatment failures and losses associated with increased treatment costs and mortalities. Mixing of cattle from multiple sources within auction markets has always been a significant risk factor for BRD. The stress of establishing a social dominance hierarchy along with the mixing of pathogens from a variety of farm sources can increase the risk of BRD in weaned calves. One method feedlots have used to mitigate this risk is to reduce mixing stress by purchasing calves directly from the ranch rather than through the auction market. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of 3 major bovine respiratory disease (BRD) bacterial pathogens at arrival and again later in the feeding period in feedlot calves derived from the auction market and from a single ranch source.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".