Time-reversal breaking in QCD<sub>4</sub>, walls, and dualities in 2 + 1 dimensions
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study SU(N ) Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in 3+1 dimensions with N<sub>ƒ</sub> degenerate fundamental quarks with mass m and a θ-parameter. For generic m and θ the theory has a single gapped vacuum. However, as θ is varied through θ = π for large m there is a first order transition. For N<sub>ƒ</sub> = 1 the first order transition line ends at a point with a massless η' particle (for all N ) and for N<sub>ƒ</sub> > 1 the first order transition ends at m = 0, where, depending on the value of N<sub>ƒ</sub>, the IR theory has free Nambu-Goldstone bosons, an interacting conformal field theory, or a free gauge theory. Even when the <sub>4</sub>d bulk is smooth, domain walls and interfaces can have interesting phase transitions separating different 3d phases. These turn out to be the phases of the recently studied 3d Chern-Simons matter theories, thus relating the dynamics of QCD<sub>4</sub> and QCD<sub>3</sub>, and, in particular, making contact with the recently discussed dualities in 2+1 dimensions. For example, when the massless 4d theory has an SU(N<sub>ƒ</sub>) sigma model, the domain wall theory at low (nonzero) mass supports a 3d massless CP<sup>N<sub>ƒ</sub>-1</sup> nonlinear σ-model with a Wess-Zumino term, in agreement with the conjectured dynamics in 2+1 dimensions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it